在调试本地程序，或者需要把 WSL 的服务暴露出去，使用端口映射会更加方便。

Windows 的端口映射命令格式如下：

❯ netsh interface portproxy

The following commands are available:

Commands in this context:
show           - Displays information.
add            - Adds a configuration entry to a table.
delete         - Deletes a configuration entry from a table.
dump           - Displays a configuration script.
reset          - Resets portproxy configuration state.
set            - Sets configuration information.

portproxy：端口代理，它是在强大的网络管理工具 netsh 中，命令本身比较简单，主要就是端口代理的增删改查。

01 查看映射（show）

show 可以查看已存在的端口转发规则，没有给定参数会输出以下帮助信息：

❯ netsh interface portproxy show

The following commands are available:

Commands in this context:
show all       - Shows all port proxy parameters.
show v4tov4    - Shows parameters for proxying IPv4 connections to another IPv4 port.
show v4tov6    - Shows parameters for proxying IPv4 connections to IPv6.
show v6tov4    - Shows parameters for proxying IPv6 connections to IPv4.
show v6tov6    - Shows parameters for proxying IPv6 connections to another IPv6 port.

show 命令需要指定查看范围，all 表示查看所有，其他的顾名思义表示 ipv4 和 ipv6 之间的转发规则：

❯ netsh interface portproxy show all

Listen on ipv4:             Connect to ipv4:

Address         Port        Address         Port
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
*               1024        192.168.198.200 1024

02 添加映射（add）

add 用于添加端口转发规则，需要指定 ipv4/ipv6 转发类型：

❯ netsh interface portproxy add help

The following commands are available:

Commands in this context:
add v4tov4     - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv4 and proxy connect to via IPv4.
add v4tov6     - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv4 and proxy connect to via IPv6.
add v6tov4     - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv6 and proxy connect to via IPv4.
add v6tov6     - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv6 and proxy connect to via IPv6.

具体用法如下：

❯ netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 help

Usage: add v4tov4 [listenport=]<integer>|<servicename>
             [connectaddress=]<IPv4 address>|<hostname>
            [[connectport=]<integer>|<servicename>]
            [[listenaddress=]<IPv4 address>|<hostname>]
            [[protocol=]tcp]

Parameters:

       Tag              Value
       listenport     - IPv4 port on which to listen.（必须）
       connectaddress - IPv4 address to which to connect.（必须）
       connectport    - IPv4 port to which to connect.（必须）
       listenaddress  - IPv4 address on which to listen.（可选，默认所有 *）
       protocol       - Protocol to use.  Currently only TCP is supported.（目前仅支持 TCP，不用填）

示例：把端口 1025 的流量转发到 wsl 的 1025 端口上，让外部机器能直接访问到 wsl 子系统（默认到 0.0.0.0）

❯ netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenport=1025 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=1025

❯ netsh interface portproxy show all

Listen on ipv4:             Connect to ipv4:

Address         Port        Address         Port
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
*               1024        192.168.198.200 1024
*               1025        192.168.198.200 1025
  • 前提：防火墙需要开启 1024 入口规则
  • 1）本地监听 1025 端口
  • 2）把 1025 端口连接到 192.168.198.200 的 1025 端口，这样，请求本机 1025 的流量，都会转到 wsl 的 1025

03 删除映射（delete）

delete 同样要指定 ip 类型，删除时只需指定监听的地址和端口即可：

  • listenaddress：监听地址，可选（默认 *）
  • listenport: 监听端口，必选
❯ netsh interface portproxy delete v4tov4 listenport=1025

❯ netsh interface portproxy show all

Listen on ipv4:             Connect to ipv4:

Address         Port        Address         Port
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
*               1024        192.168.198.200 1024

04 输出配置（备份，dump）

dump 命令输出已配置的转发规则，用于备份已存在的规则，可以重定向到文件保存起来。

❯ netsh interface portproxy show all

Listen on ipv4:             Connect to ipv4:

Address         Port        Address         Port
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
0.0.0.0         1024        192.168.198.200 1024

❯ netsh interface portproxy dump

#========================
# Port Proxy configuration
#========================
pushd interface portproxy

reset
add v4tov4 listenport=1024 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=1024


popd

# End of Port Proxy configuration

示例：备份到文件（没有找到还原方式，官方文档没有 dump 参数，有点尬。。。）

# 备份
> netsh interface portproxy dump > portproxy.bak

05 修改或添加（set）

set 命令可以修改或新增转发规则。

新增规则：

❯ netsh interface portproxy set v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=1024 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=2048

❯ netsh interface portproxy show all

Listen on ipv4:             Connect to ipv4:

Address         Port        Address         Port
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
*               1024        192.168.198.200 1024
0.0.0.0         1024        192.168.198.200 2048

修改规则：

❯ netsh interface portproxy set v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=1024 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=2049

❯ netsh interface portproxy show all

Listen on ipv4:             Connect to ipv4:

Address         Port        Address         Port
--------------- ----------  --------------- ----------
*               1024        192.168.198.200 1024
0.0.0.0         1024        192.168.198.200 2049

06 重置映射（清空，reset）

清空所有规则，慎用：

# 重置
❯ netsh interface portproxy reset
# 查看
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all