Windows 的端口代理配置（端口映射）
在调试本地程序，或者需要把 WSL 的服务暴露出去，使用端口映射会更加方便。
Windows 的端口映射命令格式如下：
❯ netsh interface portproxy
The following commands are available:
Commands in this context:
show - Displays information.
add - Adds a configuration entry to a table.
delete - Deletes a configuration entry from a table.
dump - Displays a configuration script.
reset - Resets portproxy configuration state.
set - Sets configuration information.
portproxy：端口代理，它是在强大的网络管理工具 netsh 中，命令本身比较简单，主要就是端口代理的增删改查。
01 查看映射（show）
show 可以查看已存在的端口转发规则，没有给定参数会输出以下帮助信息：
❯ netsh interface portproxy show
The following commands are available:
Commands in this context:
show all - Shows all port proxy parameters.
show v4tov4 - Shows parameters for proxying IPv4 connections to another IPv4 port.
show v4tov6 - Shows parameters for proxying IPv4 connections to IPv6.
show v6tov4 - Shows parameters for proxying IPv6 connections to IPv4.
show v6tov6 - Shows parameters for proxying IPv6 connections to another IPv6 port.
show 命令需要指定查看范围，all 表示查看所有，其他的顾名思义表示 ipv4 和 ipv6 之间的转发规则：
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all
Listen on ipv4: Connect to ipv4:
Address Port Address Port
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
* 1024 192.168.198.200 1024
02 添加映射（add）
add 用于添加端口转发规则，需要指定 ipv4/ipv6 转发类型：
❯ netsh interface portproxy add help
The following commands are available:
Commands in this context:
add v4tov4 - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv4 and proxy connect to via IPv4.
add v4tov6 - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv4 and proxy connect to via IPv6.
add v6tov4 - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv6 and proxy connect to via IPv4.
add v6tov6 - Adds an entry to listen on for IPv6 and proxy connect to via IPv6.
具体用法如下：
❯ netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 help
Usage: add v4tov4 [listenport=]<integer>|<servicename>
[connectaddress=]<IPv4 address>|<hostname>
[[connectport=]<integer>|<servicename>]
[[listenaddress=]<IPv4 address>|<hostname>]
[[protocol=]tcp]
Parameters:
Tag Value
listenport - IPv4 port on which to listen.（必须）
connectaddress - IPv4 address to which to connect.（必须）
connectport - IPv4 port to which to connect.（必须）
listenaddress - IPv4 address on which to listen.（可选，默认所有 *）
protocol - Protocol to use. Currently only TCP is supported.（目前仅支持 TCP，不用填）
示例：把端口 1025 的流量转发到 wsl 的 1025 端口上，让外部机器能直接访问到 wsl 子系统（默认到 0.0.0.0）
❯ netsh interface portproxy add v4tov4 listenport=1025 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=1025
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all
Listen on ipv4: Connect to ipv4:
Address Port Address Port
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
* 1024 192.168.198.200 1024
* 1025 192.168.198.200 1025
- 前提：防火墙需要开启 1024 入口规则
- 1）本地监听 1025 端口
- 2）把 1025 端口连接到 192.168.198.200 的 1025 端口，这样，请求本机 1025 的流量，都会转到 wsl 的 1025
03 删除映射（delete）
delete 同样要指定 ip 类型，删除时只需指定监听的地址和端口即可：
- listenaddress：监听地址，可选（默认 *）
- listenport: 监听端口，必选
❯ netsh interface portproxy delete v4tov4 listenport=1025
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all
Listen on ipv4: Connect to ipv4:
Address Port Address Port
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
* 1024 192.168.198.200 1024
04 输出配置（备份，dump）
dump 命令输出已配置的转发规则，用于备份已存在的规则，可以重定向到文件保存起来。
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all
Listen on ipv4: Connect to ipv4:
Address Port Address Port
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
0.0.0.0 1024 192.168.198.200 1024
❯ netsh interface portproxy dump
#========================
# Port Proxy configuration
#========================
pushd interface portproxy
reset
add v4tov4 listenport=1024 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=1024
popd
# End of Port Proxy configuration
示例：备份到文件（没有找到还原方式，官方文档没有 dump 参数，有点尬。。。）
# 备份
> netsh interface portproxy dump > portproxy.bak
05 修改或添加（set）
set 命令可以修改或新增转发规则。
新增规则：
❯ netsh interface portproxy set v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=1024 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=2048
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all
Listen on ipv4: Connect to ipv4:
Address Port Address Port
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
* 1024 192.168.198.200 1024
0.0.0.0 1024 192.168.198.200 2048
修改规则：
❯ netsh interface portproxy set v4tov4 listenaddress=0.0.0.0 listenport=1024 connectaddress=192.168.198.200 connectport=2049
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all
Listen on ipv4: Connect to ipv4:
Address Port Address Port
--------------- ---------- --------------- ----------
* 1024 192.168.198.200 1024
0.0.0.0 1024 192.168.198.200 2049
06 重置映射（清空，reset）
清空所有规则，慎用：
# 重置
❯ netsh interface portproxy reset
# 查看
❯ netsh interface portproxy show all